Wrench.



PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907.

F. H. SHARAR.

WRENCH.

/NVENTOR A TTU/emi 1/5 APPLIOATION FILED 219.1901

FREDERICK II. SHARAR, OF WILLIAMSPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 17', 1907.

Application filed April 9,1907. Serial No. 367,177.

To ail whom t't may concern:

Be it known that l, FREDERICK H. SHARAR, a citizen of the United States,residing at Williamsport, in the county ol Lycoming and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in tools wherein the workto be performed is accomplished by arelative turning movement thereof,the effort being applied by means of a handle or lever, and it has forits object to provide a device of this character wherein the relativelymovable working elements are drawn together to more fnmly engage thework by reason of the effort applied to the handle, and also to providesuch a device that may be operated in an opposite direction to obtain apositive grip on the work, the operative connection between the handleand the relatively movable work engaging elements of the tool servingalso as an adjusting device for setting the elements of the tool at theproper distance.

To these and other en'ds, the invention comprises the various novelfeatures of construction and combination and arrangement of parts, whichwill be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out particularly inthe claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings z-Figure l is a longitudinal sectional viewof a pipe wrench constructed in accordance with the present invention,the jaw elements being shown in separated relation. Fig. 2 is a viewsimilar to Fig. l, the jaw elements being shown in proximated relation.Fig. 3 represents a transverse section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4shows the invention applied to a nut wrench.

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated throughout bysimilar characters of reference.

In that form 'of the invention shown in Figs. l. to 3, inclusive, thewrench embodies a jaw member 1 having a longitudinally extending socket2 in which is fitted a shank 3 of a coperating jaw member 4, the latterand the jaw member' I being provided, in the present instance, withserrated working faces 5 and G, which are adapted to cooperate` withsubstantially round objects, such as pipes, and the like, the workingfaces of the jaws being adjustable relatively to one another by alongitudinal movement of the shank in its socket, the

working faces being maintained in parallel relation. The inner side ofthe shank is provided with a series of teeth or projections 7 suitablyspaced longitudinally of the shank, and coperating with these teeth orprojections is a dog 8 having one or more projections 9 thereon adaptedto coperate with those bn the shank. The dog, in the present instance,is carried by a handle or lever l0 which is pivoted at ll between thesides 12 of the jaw l, the lever or handle being mounted to turn in aplane parallel to the plane of adjustment of the jaw members, and it hasan eccentrically arranged cylindrical recess 13 thereon extending in adirection parallel to the axis of the lever, the dog having acorrespondingly shaped bearing M at one end rotatably fitted into therecess in the handle or lever, the dog being movable in a plane parallelto the plane of movement of the handle. The free end of the dog isprovided with a rearwardly extending projection l5 which extends to theoutside of the jaw member l and serves as a finger grip by means ofwhich the dog may be retracted and thereby disengaged from the shank 3.A fiat spring 16 having one end fitting into a slot l7 in the handle andbearing at its other end against the rear side of the dog serves tonormally hold the latter in cooperative relation with the shank. Thelever Orhandle is provided with a shoulder I8 which extendssubstantially at right angles to the plane of direction of the lever andis adapted to cooperate with the abutment I9 formed behind the grippingface of the jaw l, the shoulder and abutment thus provided serving as apositive stop for limiting the turning movement of the handle relativelyto the jaw members in one direction.

In operating the wrench constructed in the manner hereinbeforedescribed, the jaw members are adjusted approximately to the work byreti-acting the dog by pressure of the thumb on the projection l5, asthis pcrmits the shank to operate longitudinally in its socket to varythe distance between the working faces of the jaw members, and after thewrench has been applied to the pipe or other article to be manipulated,the lever or handle is operated in the direction that will carry itsupper end away from the free end of the shank, and this will cause theshoulder 18 thereon to leave the abutment I9, and the dog mountedeccentrically on the lever andcoperating with the projections on theshank will op erate the shank 3 in a direction rearwardly in its socket,thereby causing the working faces of the .jaw members to be proximatedsubstantially as shown in Fig. 2. When the lever or handle is operatedin the opposite direction, the dog will move in a direction that willpermit a separating movement of the jaw members that will enable thetool to obtain another grip on the work or to be removed therefrom.

In that form of the invention shown in Fig. 4, the tool embodies a pairof coperatively arranged jaw members 20 and 2l having faces suitable toengage objects having substantially parallel or angular faces thereon,one of the jaw members, the member 20 in the present instance, having ashank 22 thereon guided to operate in a transversely arranged socket 23formed in the jaw member 2l, the latter being pivotally attached by thescrew 24 to a handle or lever 25, the latter in this instance beingarranged to swing relatively to the jaw members and substantially in theplane of relative adj ustment of these parts. The shank 22 of the jawmember 20 is provided with a series of projections 26 suitably spacedlongitudinally thereof, and the handle or lever is provided with acylindrical recess 27 extending in a direction parallel to its axis oimovement, and into this recess is fitted a correspondingly shaped head28 formed on one end oi the dog 29, the latter having one or moreprojections formed thereon adapted to coperate with the projections onthe shank, and the end oi the dog being extended through an aperture 3lto the exterior o the jaw member to iorm an operating proj ection 32. Aspring 35, rigidly secured in a recess 34 in the handle and engaging therear side oi the jaw, serves to normally retain the latter in coperativerelation with the jaw operating shank, the normal action oi this springalso serving to operate the handle or lever in a direction that willclose or proximate the jaw members, the spring 16 in thc iorm shown inFigs. l to 3, inclusive, also having the dual function of holding thejaws in cooperative relation with the jaw operating shank and acting tooperate the handle or lever in a direction that will close or proximatethe jaw members. The shoulder 35 on the handle 25 is arranged to engagethe abutment 36 formed in the jaw member 2l when the handle or lever isoperated in a direction that will open or release the jaws, and in thisparticular embodiment oi the invention the tool may be operated as anordinary wrench wherein the jaws are positively held in fixed relationby operating the handle ll in a direction that will engage the shoulder35 and the abutment 3G, or it may be so manipulated that the jaw memberswill tend to close and grip the work more firmly as the effort isapplied to the handle.

ln both iorms oi the invention a parallel relation is maintained betweenthe jaw members irrespective oi their relative adjustment or therelative position occupied by the handle, the increasing grip on thework being accomplished by a relative movement ot the jaw members in adirection substantially perpendicular to their working iaces.

lt will be understood, oi course, that the invention may be applied alsoto the so-called monkey-wrench, in which case the working laces would besubstantially plain instead of serrated, as shown in Figs. l and 2, andit may be also applied to pipe cutters, in which ease the jaw memberswould be provided with the usual cutting wheels, and that it may beapplied also to various other tools wherein it is desirable to obtainthe results hereinbefore described.

What is claimed is:-

1. In a tool of the character' described, the combination with a pair ofjaw members having cooperating working faces, one of the members havinga pair of parallel side plates and heilig provided with a socket, andthe other member havingr a notched shank guided to operate in saidsocket, of a handle having one end pivoted between the said side platesof one of the jaws, a dog pivotally mounted on the handle andcooperating with the notched shank at all positions of adjustment ot'the handle for proximating the jaws when the-handle is turned in onedirection, a releasing handle' on the dog for disengaging it from thenotched shank, and cooperatively arranged shoulders on the handle andthe jaw member to which it is pivoted for positively limiting theturning movement of the handle in a reverse direction.

:2. In a tool of the character described, the combination with a pair ofjaw members having cooperating werking faces, one of the members havinga pair of parallel side plates, a socket formed between them, and alimiting shoulder between the said plates and in rear of the workingface of the respective jaw, and the other member having a notched shankguided to operate in the said socket, of a handle having one end pivotedbetween the said side plates of one of the jaw members and having alimiting shoulder arranged to engage that on the respective jaw memberwhen' the handle is turned in one direction, and a dog pivotallyattached to the handle and cooperating with the notched shank toproximate the jaw members when the handle is turned in an oppositedirection, the dog forming an operative connection between the shank andhandle at all positions of adjustment of the latter, and a handlecarried by the dog and operable independently of the wrench handle fordisengaging the dog from the notched shank,

In testimony that l claim the foregoing as my own, l have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK H. SHARAR.

Witnesses E. C. EDWARDS, Buss G. THOMPSON.

